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Laryngeal paralysis is probably more common than generally recognised. It affects middle aged and older dogs, usually of medium and large size.
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The lens is the transparent structure within the eye which assists focusing. In some dogs, particularly the terrier breeds, the ligaments can break down allowing the lens to dislocate from its normal position.
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Cancers of the liver cells are called hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas.
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The liver has a massive blood supply so many cancer cells from elsewhere arrive within it and start to grow. In dogs metastatic tumours are three times as common as primary tumours and over 30% of malignant cancer is said to metastasize to the liver.
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Most lung cancers originate from the epithelium lining the airways. In dogs, most are from the alveoli where oxygen is taken up into the body but in people and in cats, most originate in the main airways (bronchi).
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The patella, or knee cap, should be located in the centre of the knee joint. The term "luxating" means out of place or dislocated.
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Cancer of the cells of the lymph nodes (lymphoma, lymphosarcoma) has to be distinguished from other causes of lymph node swelling by histopathology. Some types of cancer are slower growing than others but all are potentially life-threatening.
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This is a tumour originating from the mammary gland tissues that has been classified as malignant (invasive and capable of spread). Although some of these cancers are cured by surgical removal, others recur and some spread to other parts of the body (metastasis).
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This is a tumour originating from cells of the mammary glands. Most tumours are potentially or already malignant so early surgical removal is important so there is no spread to other parts of the body (metastasis).
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This is a tumour originating from the body's mast cells. The tumours include both benign (non-spreading) and malignant (life-threatening, spreading) types.